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Soils provide the foundation for terrestrial ecosystems and they underpin virtually all human societies in supplying food and fiber. Sustaining and improving soils around the world is a major challenge for eliminating hunger and alleviating poverty, but also for addressing problems with human perturbation of the atmosphere and global climate change. Agriculture and other land use activities contribute nearly one-third of human-induced greenhouse warming, and processes occurring in soils are responsible for a significant portion of these greenhouse gas fluxes. Traditionally, management of soils for agricultural use have resulted in large losses of organic matter and CO2 emissions to the atmosphere and the inefficient use of many agricultural inputs such as fertilizer and irrigation exacerbate emissions of other greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4). Conversely, efforts to improve the sustainability and productivity of soils and the efficient use of agricultural inputs are highly compatible with mitigating greenhouse gas emissions through soil carbon sequestration and emission reductions. Hence, improving soil management can effectively address a broad range of environmental problems in a synergistic manner. Opportunities afforded by new concepts and systems of agricultural management, particularly in developing countries in the tropics, are highlighted. Examples from recent efforts to assess soil carbon and greenhouse gas emissions as impacted by changes in land use and agricultural management at regional and national scales in developing countries are given.
consulta l' Indice analitico (alfabetico per autore) |
sfoglia l' Indice delle sessioni del Congresso |
a cura di Comoglio, Comino, e Bona
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